islamic jihad organization

IJU subsequently claimed responsibility for the foiled plot. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). U.S.Attorney General John Ashcroft alleged at a press conference that Al-Arian was the North American head of the Palestinian Islamic Jihad. by Kali Robinson The group initially set up by students at the Islamic University of Gaza is seen as a sister organisation to Hamas who have controlled the Palestinian enclave since 2007. The PIJ remained in Gaza until 1987, when the group was exiled to Lebanon. It is a member of the Alliance of Palestinian Forces, which rejects the Oslo Accords and whose objective is the establishment of a sovereign Islamic Palestinian state. [15], By the mid-1980s Hezbollah leaders are reported to have admitted their involvement in the attacks and the nominal nature of "Islamic Jihad" that it was merely a "telephone organisation,"[16][17] and[18] November 4, 2022 This fiasco, coupled by the pressure resulting from tighter security measures and joint anti-militia sweeps implemented by the Syrian Army, the Lebanese Internal Security Forces (ISF) and the Amal Movement at the Shia quarters of West Beirut in 198788, brought a steady decline in the organization's activities in Lebanon for the rest of the civil war. He has extensive professional experience in the federal government and has managed multiple complex, long-term intergovernmental projects and initiatives, focusing on postsecondary education and the judiciary and has published his work widely, including in, By entering your email and clicking subscribe, you're agreeing to receive announcements from CFR about our products and services, as well as invitations to CFR events. This listing includes the 65-plus terrorist groups designated by the US State Department as Foreign Terrorist Organizations (FTOs), as well as an additional 10 non-designated, self-proclaimed branches and affiliates of the Islamic State of Iraq and ash-Sham (ISIS) FTO. Shaqaqi was a key player in setting up the Alliance of Palestinian Forces in January 1994, a coalition of eight PLO groups, Islamic Jihad and Hamas, rejecting the Oslo process. August 17, 2022, Backgrounder The organization's terrorist activity or terrorism must threaten the security of U.S. nationals or the national security (national defense, foreign relations, or the economic interests) of the . The Violent Far-Right Terrorist Threat to the Republican Party and American Conservatism, What Zawahiris Killing Means for al-Qaeda. PIJ was formally established in Gaza in 1981 by two Palestinian activists: Dr Fathi abd al-Aziz Shaqaqi, a Rafah-based physician, and Shaykh Abd al-Aziz Awda, an Islamic preacher from the Jabaliyya refugee camp, as well as Ramadan Shalah, Bashir Moussa and three other Palestinian radicals. (Social media) One . Additionally, Dr. Nguyen is a principal investigator of the Minority Serving Institutions Data Project. The organization is responsible for a number of attacks including more than 30 suicide bombings; indeed, on 22 December 2001, PIJ vowed to continue its campaign despite Hamas' decision to halt suicide bombings inside Israel in response to an alleged crackdown by Yasser Arafat. This organization is no longer active. IJU conducted a number of suicide bombings (and other attacks) at a local bazaar and against Uzbek police targets in Tashkent, and detonated explosives at a house in Bukhara, Uzbekistan, between 28 March and 1 April 2004. Today, the President issued a new Executive Order (E.O.) In mid-2007, as part of a deradicalization program, Egypt released more than 130 jailed members of EIJ in exchange for their renouncing violence. [48] This fiasco, coupled by the pressure resulting from tighter security measures and joint anti-militia sweeps implemented by the Syrian Army, the Lebanese Internal Security Forces (ISF) and the Shi'ite Amal militia at the Shia quarters of West Beirut in 198788, brought a steady decline in the organization's activities in Lebanon for the rest of the civil war. Possibly formed in early 1983 and reportedly led by Imad Mughniyah, a former Lebanese Shiite member of Palestinian Fatahs Force 17, the IJO was not a militia but rather a typical underground urban guerrilla organization. Tehran wanted to set the Vienna negotiations over the Iranian nuclear project in motion, so Hizbullah attacked the [Karish natural gas field] with its UAVs, and [Palestinian . Hosni Mubarak during a visit to Ethiopia in June 1995, provoked a crushing repression of the group inside Egypt, forcing the group to find targets abroad. Amnesty noted that Israel, which claimed the attacks were "preemptive" and targeted the Palestinian Islamic Jihad organization, has set the stage for such deadly assaults on civilians for years by imposing a blockade and other apartheid policies on Gaza. The Islamic Jihad Organization IJO (Arabic: , romanized:arakat al-Jihd al-'Islmiyy) or Organisation du Jihad Islamique (OJI) in French, but best known as "Islamic Jihad" (Arabic: Jihad al-Islami) for short, was a Shia[3] militia known for its activities in the 1980s during the Lebanese Civil War. In 1988, its leaders were exiled by Israel to Lebanon. amends E.O. While in Lebanon, the group received training, support and other backing from Hezbollah and its backers in Iran, and developed a close relationship with the organization. "Spanish bomb blast blamed on Jihad / Madrid restaurant explosion blamed on Muslim group.". Academics, journalists & government officials are welcome to use this material. In July 2012, an IJO operative detonated . Founded in 1981, PIJ is the second-largest militant group in Gaza after Hamas. Based at Baalbek in the Beqaa valley, the group aligned 200 Lebanese Shiite militants financed by Iran and trained by the Iranian Revolutionary Guards contingent previously sent by Ayatollah Khomeini to fight the June 1982 Israeli invasion of Lebanon. Palestine Islamic Jihad (PIJ) 10/8/1997. Al-Jihad. IMPACT: Jihad is an Arabic term meaning "to struggle" or "to strive.". It was established by Palestinian students in Egypt who were admirers of the Iranian Revolution and the Muslim Brotherhood. The KGB promptly retaliated with intimidation and by pressuring Syria to stop its operations in northern Lebanon in exchange for release of the remaining three hostages. Mike Hoa Nguyen, assistant professor of education, faculty affiliate at the Institute for Human Development and Social Change, and faculty affiliate at the Metropolitan Center for Research on Equity and the Transformation of Schools at New York University, leads the conversation on affirmative action. Marius Deeb, Militant Islamic Movements in Lebanon: Origins, Social Basis, and Ideology, Occasional Paper Series (Washington, DC, Georgetown University, 1986) p.19, Walker, Jane. "[35], The group is a Sunni Jhadist movement but includes other religious beliefs. by Lindsay Maizland His treatise Al-Farah al-ghibah (1981; The Neglected Duty), which urged Muslims to use violence for the purpose of creating an Islamic state, became the groups ideological platform. The IJO serves as Hizballah's external operations wing, carrying out clandestine missions on behalf of Iran around the world. Al-Jihad (also known as Egyptian Islamic Jihad, Jihad Group, and Islamic Jihad) is an Egyptian Islamic extremist group active since the late 1970s. Their views on the destruction of Israel, however, led them in 1979 to establish Islamic Jihad-Shaqaqi Faction, a branch of the Egyptian Islamic Jihad. Im Irina Faskianos, Vice President of the National Program and Outreach at CFR. This is a historic step to counter Iran-backed terrorism around the world. . EIJ claimed responsibility for foiled assassination attempts on Interior Minister Hassan al-Alfi in August 1993 and Prime Minister Atef Sedky in November 1993. by Claire Klobucista, Jonathan Masters and Mohammed Aly Sergie Baer claims the order for 1983 US embassy bombing is widely believed to have originated high up in the Iranian Islamic Republic's hierarchy. Those attacks, along with EIJs failed attempt to assassinate Egyptian Pres. with Mike Hoa Nguyen The attacks were claimed by a previously unknown group calling itself Islamic Jihad Organization, but today are widely attributed to Hizballah, the Shi'ite militia that dominates southern Lebanon. You are also agreeing to our. "[25] Shaqaqi was assassinated in 1995 in Malta, and Ramadan Shalah became secretary-general of the organisation. [5], Initially the group was described as "a mysterious group about which virtually nothing was known,"[6] one whose "only members" seemed to be the "anonymous callers" taking credit for the bombings, or one that simply didn't exist. Bates, John D. (Presiding) (September 2003). (See List of Palestinian suicide attacks.) [32] The eventual ceasefire was negotiated between Israel and the militant groups, not Hamas. The PIJ, unlike Fatah or Hamas, does not participate in the political process. We are not willing to compromise. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. Completely rejecting the political process, the organization professes that its goals can only be achieved through military means.[19][20]. 4 February 1990: A bus carrying Israeli tourists in Egypt was attacked. The PIJ is a rival militant group, often vying for the support of the same Palestinians. Both the. by Kali Robinson [6], The armed wing of PIJ is Al-Quds Brigades, also formed in 1981, which is active in the West Bank and the Gaza Strip, with its main strongholds in the West Bank being the cities of Hebron and Jenin. Watson, Laurie. The operatives had acquired about 700 kg of hydrogen peroxide and an explosives precursor, which they secretly stockpiled in a garage in southern Germany. The prosecutor told Judge . PIJ has partnered with Iran- and Syria-sponsored Hizballah to carry out joint operations., In 2021, Nakhaleh said that Soleimani traveled to various countries, made plans, and set up guidelines to deliver these weapons [to the Gaza Strip]. On 27 June 2014, the US Federal Government dropped all charges against Al-Arian. Tayseer Jabari, the commander of the Palestinian Islamic Jihad in northern Gaza, in an undated photo. Published October 24, 2003. December 1993: Killed an Israeli reservist, David Mashrati, during a public bus shooting. 15 As early as 1983, the CIA observed that Islamic Jihad "more likely is a cover used by Iran for its terrorist operations, whether employing local Shias in Lebanon or locally recruited agents . (3 November 2019). Renewing America, Backgrounder The organization's narrow focus on armed conflict has limited its options and appeal at times, but it may now be its greatest strength. PIJ has been designated a terrorist organisation by the United States,[7] the European Union,[8] the United Kingdom,[9] Japan,[10] Canada,[11] Australia,[3] New Zealand[12][13] and Israel.[14]. Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP) 10/8/1997. Altogether, these attacks killed 659 people [22]. Islam has not generally been "propagated by the sword", in the sense of forcing people to convert to Islam, except in the Arabian peninsula. Lebanese journalist Hala Jaber compared it to "a phony company which rents office space for a month and then vanishes," existing "only when it was committing an atrocity against its targets "[11], Adam Shatz of The Nation magazine has described Islamic Jihad as "a precursor to Hezbollah, which did not yet officially exist" at the time of the bombings Islamic Jihad took credit for. 13224, "Blocking Property and Prohibiting Transactions with Persons Who Commit, Threaten to Commit, or Support Terrorism" and terminates the national emergency declared in E.O. 'Army of Guardians of the Islamic Revolution'), also called Sepah or Pasdaran, is a multi-service primary branch of the Iranian Armed Forces.It was founded by Ruhollah Khomeini and formally organized as a military branch on 22 April 1979, in . Hamasthe Islamic Resistance Movement or Harakat al Muqawama al Islamiyahis both an Islamist party and a militia based in Gaza.It was founded in 1987 by Sheikh Ahmed Yassin, a popular cleric, as the Palestinian branch of the Muslim Brotherhood. Several times in the year to follow, the CIA noted, anonymous callers in . "Errors By Crew Reportedly Cited in Gander Crash", Last edited on 28 November 2022, at 13:24, Iranian Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (Pasdaran), 1992 Israeli Embassy attack in Buenos Aires, List of weapons of the Lebanese Civil War, "Hezbollah's most wanted commander killed in Syria bomb", " .. ", "Islamic Jihad Organization (Lebanon) / Islamic Jihad (IJO)", "Tehran's master terrorist, Imad Mughniyah and the forgotten road to 9/11 part I of II", "Karrubi: Iran knows Islamic Jihad only through media", "Anne Dammarell et al. "Jihad" is a loaded termand a concept that illustrates a deep gulf of miscommunication between Islam and the West. The Islamic Jihad Organization IJO (Arabic language: , Harakat al-Jihad al-Islami) or Organisation du Jihad Islamique (OJI) in French, but best known as Islamic Jihad (Arabic: Jihad al-Islami) for short, was a fundamentalist Shia group known for its activities in the 1980s during the Lebanese Civil War. In September 2007, the authorities in Germany detained three IJU operatives, disrupting an IJU plot against unidentified United States or other facilities in Germany. PIJ masterminded several suicide bombings in Israel,[22] the first one being the Tel AvivJerusalem bus 405 suicide attack in 1989 which resulted in 16 civilian deaths. Statesman News Service | New Delhi | January 18, 2023 7:15 pm. The Palestinian Islamic Jihad have claimed responsibility for the following attacks: Armored vehicles marked with TV are an invaluable protection for genuine journalists working in hostile environments. One in four rockets fired from Gaza towards Israel - lands inside the Gaza Strip. On Friday, the IDF launched Operation Breaking Dawn to preempt attacks by Palestinian Islamic Jihad (PIJ), a U.S.-designated Foreign Terrorist Organization since 1997.Since the fighting began, Palestinian militants have launched some 600 rockets at Israeli targets, including Tel Aviv and Jerusalem, while hundreds of thousands of Israelis have taken refuge in bomb shelters. Palestine is not their concern. As long as Jews remain here, between the [Jordan] river and the sea, they will be our enemy and we will continue to pursue and kill them. The United Nations is in close contact with all parties to solidify the truce and ensure that the significant gains made since last May towards easing restrictions can be . In 2019, Nakhaleh said, The resistance is capable of crushing the Zionist cities with over 1,000 rockets a day for months., According to the State Departments 2020 Country Reports on Terrorism, PIJ receives financial assistance and training primarily from Iran. Date on which the narrative summary became available on the Committee's website: Date(s) on which the narrative summary was updated: Practices, Procedures and Working Methods, Provisional Rules of Procedure (S/96/Rev.7), Security Council Practices and Charter Research Branch, ISIL (Da'esh) & Al-Qaida Sanctions Committee, Ombudsperson ISIL (Da'esh) & Al-Qaida Sanctions Committee, The Democratic Republic of Congo Sanctions Committee, International Independent Investigation Commission, Procurement of DPRK coal by Member States, Supply, sale or transfer of all refined petroleum products to the DPRK, The Central African Republic Sanctions Committee, Narrative Summaries of Reasons for Listing, Ombudsperson to the ISIL (Da'esh) and Al-Qaida Sanctions Committee, Reports of "Hitting the Ground Running" workshop, VTCs, meetings and outcomes during COVID-19, Reports of the Security Council Missions . Holly Fletcher. The Islamic Jihad Group (IJU) is a terrorist organization that has been active in Central Asia. with James M. Lindsay and Martin S. Indyk v. Islamic Republic of Iran", "Two Iranian exiles are assassinated in Paris", http://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=2245&dat=19840208&id=8pUzAAAAIBAJ&sjid=bjIHAAAAIBAJ&pg=5419,3921052, 1992 Patterns of Global Terrorism: The Year in Review, http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=19851212-0, http://www.sandford.org/gandercrash/investigations/majority_report/html/_i.shtml, Articles incorporating text from Wikipedia. And if Netanyahu were to ask if we can live together in one state, I would say to him: "If we have exactly the same rights as Jews to come to all of Palestine. [12] Jeffrey Goldberg says, Using various names, including the Islamic Jihad Organization and the Organization of the Oppressed on Earth, Hezbollah remained underground until 1985, when it published a manifesto condemning the West, and proclaiming, ". Allah is behind us supporting and protecting us while instilling fear in the hearts of our enemies. The Palestinian Islamic Jihad is an Iranian-inspired Islamic militant group that aims to derail the Israeli-Palestinian peace process and eliminate Israel from the region. IJU was founded and led by Najmiddin Kamolitdinovich Jalolov (deceased) and Suhayl Fatilloevich Buranov (deceased). On October 6, 1981, EIJ members disguised as soldiers assassinated Egyptian Pres. IJU claimed responsibility for this attack. It said the objectives of SIMI are governing human life on the basis of Quran, propagation of Islam, 'Jihad' for the cause of Islam, destruction of nationalism and establishment of Islamic Rule or Caliphate. by "[1], Initially the group was described as "a mysterious group about which virtually nothing was known,"[2] one whose "only members" seemed to be the "anonymous callers" taking credit for the bombings, or one that simply didn't exist. [3] Journalist Robin Wright has described it as "more of an information network for a variety of cells of movements", rather than a centralized organization. The Islamic Jihad Organization IJO (Arabic: , romanized:arakat al-Jihd al-'Islmiyy) or Organisation du Jihad Islamique (OJI) in French, but best known as "Islamic Jihad" (Arabic: Jihad al-Islami) for short, was a Shia[3] militia known for its activities in the 1980s during the Lebanese Civil War. [27] In November 2006 he was found guilty of civil contempt for refusing to testify before a federal grand jury and served 21months in prison on that conviction. Military experience gained from fighting in Syrias civil war and decades of clashes with Israel have made the Iran-backed group stronger than ever, but the biggest threat it faces may be upheaval in its own backyard. Islam Jihad is one of several groups taking responsibility. Earlier this month, the Department of Justice announced that two men, Ali Kourani and Samer El Debek, had been arrested and charged with carrying out various missions on behalf of Hizballah's Islamic Jihad Organization. "Jabari was a senior commander in the Palestinian Islamic Jihad and held a number of positions in the terrorist organization, including as the Head of Operations," the army said in a statement. We have no other choice. Paradoxically, Israel's military strikes against Islamic Jihad serve the interests of Hamas by undermining the organization that poses a threat to its rule over the Gaza Strip. Al-Shabaab remains capable of carrying out massive attacks in Somalia and nearby countries despite a long-running African Union offensive against the Islamist terrorist group. Under their harsh rule, they have cracked down on womens rights and neglected basic services. with David Dollar, Emily Feng and Zongyuan Zoe Liu Islamic Jihad also control dozens of religious organizations in the Palestinian territories that are registered as NGOs and operate mosques, schools, and medical facilities that offer free services. London-based Arabic newspaper Asharq al-Awsat reported in May 2015 that Iran had stopped funding PIJ due to the group's neutrality over the Saudi Arabian-led intervention in Yemen, throwing PIJ into a severe financial crisis. by Lindsay Maizland They demanded the departure of all Americans from Lebanon and took responsibility for a number of kidnappings, assassinations, and bombings of embassies and peacekeeping troops which killed several hundred people. Center on Cyber and Technology Innovation. [24] According to Baer it is "a very distinct organization, which was separate from Hezbollah because you had the [Hezbollah] consultative council which only had a vague idea of what the hostage-takers were doing. The IJO suffered a setback in 1986 when a temporary abduction of four Soviet diplomats ended up in the assassination of one hostage, an affair promptly regulated by the KGB using methods of intimidation. [2] It calls for the military destruction of Israel and rejects a two-state solution. I was born in Gaza. As always, CFR takes no institutional positions on matters of policy. The witness recounted that Bin Laden and Al-Qaeda were seeking to obtain nuclear and chemical weapons and that the organization engaged in sophisticated training. In the 1980s many members of EIJ left Egypt to participate in the Afghan guerrilla war against the occupation that followed the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan. Al-Qaida (QDe.004), listed on 6 October 2001 The Islamic Jihad Union (IJU) is an extremist organization that splintered from the Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan in the early 2000s and is currently based in Pakistan's Federally Administered Tribal Areas. "[37] The international community considers the use of indiscriminate attacks on civilian populations[38] and the use of human shields[39][40] as illegal under international law.[41]. "Islamic Jihad, the new lord of Gaza?". Iranian Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (Pasdaran), 1992 Israeli Embassy attack in Buenos Aires, Hezbollah: Born with a vengeance by Hala Jaber, p.113. Eight leaders of the Palestinian Islamic Jihad were indicted by federal authorities in 2003 on fifty charges, while only one, Sami al-Arian, was arrested and sent to trial. "Errors By Crew Reportedly Cited In Gander Crash", "Karrubi: Iran knows Islamic Jihad only through media", http://www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?AD=ADA338002, "Anne Dammarell et al. by Claire Klobucista Middle East International No 423, 17 April 1992, Publishers, Tel AvivJerusalem bus 405 suicide attack, Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine, List of Palestinian Islamic Jihad suicide attacks, Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine, "Iran Backs Islamic Jihad's 8,000-Man Army in Gaza", "THE TERRORIST CONNECTION - IRAN, THE ISLAMIC JIHAD AND HAMAS", "Australian Government Attorneys General's Department - Palestinian Islamic Jihad", "List of organisations recognized as terrorist groups", STATEMENT OF CASE TO RENEW THE DESIGNATION OF PALESTINIAN ISLAMIC JIHAD (PIJ) AS A TERRORIST ENTITY, STATEMENT OF CASE TO DESIGNATE PALESTINIAN ISLAMIC JIHAD (PIJ) AS A TERRORIST ENTITY, "Palestinians swear revenge for assassination", "The doctor who finds death a laughing matter", "Brother slams Palestinian militants for luring teenager into suicide mission", "Terrorist Killing Prompts Gaza Rocket Exchange", "Iran said to pull Islamic Jihad's funding over group's neutrality on Yemen", "Interview with Ramadan Shallah, Secretary General, Palestinian Islamic Jihad (Damascus, Syria, December 15, 2009)", "Hamas Caught Using Human Shields in Gaza", "Israel Warns Gaza Targets by Phone and Leaflet", "The Listing of Palestinian Islamic Jihad (PIJ)", "Hebron ambush scene dubbed 'Death Alley', "Satellite News and latest stories | The Jerusalem Post", "Gaza: Armed Palestinian Groups Commit Grave Crimes", "Journalists slam use of 'press vehicle' by Gaza militants", "Rockets hit near Tel Aviv as Gaza death toll rises", "6 Gaza rockets hit south; IDF retaliates", "Six rockets fired from Gaza towards Israel's South", "Six rockets fired from Gaza explode in southern Israel", "Rocket Fire From Gaza Shakes Cease-Fire With Israel", "Islamic Jihad Leader: Israel Attack Coordinated with Hamas; Despite Truce, Threatens Tel Aviv - Jewish & Israel News Algemeiner.com", Palestinian civil society: foreign donors and the power to promote and exclude, "Gaza kindergartners want to 'blow up Zionists', "Jihad summer camp: Sand, soccer and the Zionist enemy", Senior Jihad man, 14 others die in IDF strikes, "Israel kills Islamic Jihad leader in Gaza, Iran-backed militants respond with rockets", "Islamic Jihad says senior commander targeted in Damascus strike, son killed", "Islamic Jihad leader warns of escalation if Israel doesn't meet understandings", " - . The 2003 U.S. indictment of eight senior members of the group diminished its strength. The founders of the Palestinian Islamic Jihad, Fathi Shaqaqi and Abd al-Aziz Awda, were students in Egypt and members of the Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood until the late 1970s when they decided that the brotherhood was becoming too moderate and insufficiently committed to the Palestinian cause. The Islamic Jihad Organization - IJO (Arabic language: , Harakat al-Jihad al-Islami) or Organisation du Jihad Islamique (OJI) in French, but best known as 'Islamic Jihad' (Arabic: Jihad al-Islami) for short, was a fundamentalist Shia group known for its activities in the 1980s during the Lebanese Civil War. The Islamic Jihad Group was listed on 1 June 2005 pursuant to paragraphs 1 and 16 of resolution 1526 (2004) as being associated with Al-Qaida, Usama bin Laden or the Taliban for participating in the financing, planning, facilitating, preparing or perpetrating of acts or activities by, in conjunction with, under the name of, on behalf or in support of or otherwise supporting acts or activities of Al-Qaida (QDe.004) and the Taliban. In the interview, he argued that the Israelis will accept neither a two state nor a one state solution and that the only choice is to continue the armed struggle until Israel's defeat. The PIJ, despite being a Sunni group, took inspiration from revolutionary, theocratic Shia ideals espoused during the 1979 Iranian Revolution that established an Islamic regime. Soon after the Soviet withdrawal from Afghanistan in 1989, Sharif, Zawahiri, and other EIJ leaders joined bin Laden in Khartoum, where he was hosted by Sudans government. October 2003: A bomb killed 22 and injured 60 at a, June 2007, in a failed assault on an IDF position at the, On 26 March 2009, two Islamic Jihad members were imprisoned for a. Fathi Shaqaqi moved from Gaza to Egypt to study medicine and became active with the Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood. In March 2014 over 100 rockets were launched into southern Israel by PIJ and other Islamist groups. Altogether, these attacks killed 659 people [26]. Greenberg Center for Geoeconomic Studies. He was replaced by Ramadan Abdallah Shallah, a British-educated Palestinian, who taught Middle Eastern courses at the University of South Florida from 1990 to 1995. [28], PIJ is alleged to have used minors. PIJ formed as an offshoot of the Muslim Brotherhood and was influenced ideologically in its formation by the Islamic regime in Iran. Much smaller than Hamas, PIJ members sanctify the land because of its historical significance to Islam and are fully committed to the groups platform of destroying the state of Israel through violent means. Asia Unbound, Israels New Government, With Martin Indyk, Podcast [51][52] In 2008 Mughniyeh was killed by a car bomb in Damascus, Syria as a part of a CIA and Mossad combined operation. Manage all your favorite fandoms in one place! Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. The following is an abbreviated list of attacks that have been claimed by the PIJ the over the years: Backgrounder In the counter affidavit, the government has said the SIMI aims to mobilise students and youth for propagation of Islam and obtain support for 'Jihad' (religious war). A curation of original analyses, data visualizations, and commentaries, examining the debates and efforts to improve health worldwide. After the MNF bombing, the New York Times reported that "Lebanese police sources, Western intelligence sources, Israeli Government sources and leading Shi'ite Muslim religious leaders in Beirut are all convinced that there is no such thing as Islamic Jihad," as an organization, no membership, no writings, etc. Anger over France's providing of arms to Iran's enemy Iraq is thought to be the motivating factor. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Egyptian-Islamic-Jihad, Federation of American Scientist - al-Jihad Egyptian Islamic Jihad, Council on Foreign Relations - Egyptian Islamic Jihad. The United States designated Islamic Jihad a terrorist organization in 1997. Up to 2 years ago, the Islamic Jihad was facing a severe economic crisis, as one of their senior officials expressed it "the most severe economic crisis in the history of the organization," which was founded in 1979 as a branch of the Egyptian Islamic Brotherhood movement. EIJ coalesced out of a variety of smaller militant groups in the late 1970s under the leadership of Muhammad Abd al-Salam Faraj. whose name was `used by those involved to disguise their true identity.`[15][16][17][18][19], Former CIA operative and author Robert Baer describes it as the cover name used by the Iranian Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (Pasdaran). Egyptian Islamic Jihad (EIJ) allied with the al-Qaeda network in the late 1990s, and the two groups merged in 2001. The Centre has said the petitioner, on whose plea the counter affidavit has been filed, has challenged the July 29, 2019 order . This was enough raw material to make the equivalent of approximately 1,200 lbs of TNT. January 10, 2023 The statement said such operations would continue. The IJO suffered a setback in 1986 when their temporary abduction of four Soviet diplomats carried out previously in September 1985 ended up in the assassination of one hostage. v. Islamic Republic of Iran", "Two Iranian exiles are assassinated in Paris", "1992 Patterns of Global Terrorism: The Year in Review", "Abductors in Beirut Demand That Israel Free 400 Prisoners", "1991: Church envoy Waite freed in Beirut", "From the archive: Bells ring nationwide to welcome Terry Waite", "Interview with former Beirut KGB resident Yuri Perfilev", "Interviews Robert Baer Terror And Tehran FRONTLINE PBS", "Islamic Jihad Says It Bombed Embassy; Toll 21", "Hezbollah Again Postpones General Congress", "Israel denies assassinating Hezbollah chief", "CIA and Mossad killed senior Hezbollah figure in car bombing", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Islamic_Jihad_Organization&oldid=1124347764, 24 May 1982. [16] and conducted operations out of Egypt. GPO/Kobi Gideon. al-Jihad a.k.a. April 1994: A car bomb aboard a public bus killed 9 people and injured 50. Jalolov received special training on mines and explosives at the Al-Qaida (QDe.004) camp in Khost province, Afghanistan. January 11, 2023, Blog Post What is the Palestinian Islamic Jihad (PIJ)? "Spanish bomb blast blamed on Jihad / Madrid restaurant explosion blamed on Muslim group.". whose name was "used by those involved to disguise their true identity. Los Angeles Times. Their deadliest attacks were in 1983, when they carried out the bombing of the barracks of French and U.S. MNF peacekeeping troops, and that of the United States embassy in Beirut. Possibly formed in early 1983 and reportedly led by Imad Mughniyah, a former Lebanese Shi'ite member of Palestinian Fatah's Force 17, the IJO was not a militia but rather a typical underground urban guerrilla organization. On 30 July 2004, IJU conducted coordinated bombing attacks in Tashkent against the Embassies of the United States of America and Israel and the office of the Prosecutor General, killing at least two people and wounding nine. The last recorded attack claimed by the IJO as an independent group took place outside the Middle East in March 1992, when the Israeli Embassy in Buenos Aires, Argentina, was blown up in retaliation for the death of Hezbollah's secretary-general Abbas al-Musawi. The aim of the organization was the establishment of a sovereign, Islamic Palestinian state within the geographic borders of pre-1948 Mandatory Palestine. EIJ coalesced out of a variety of smaller militant groups in the late 1970s under the leadership of . "The organization also . Wright has compared Islamic Jihad to the Black September wing of the Palestinian Fatah,[10] serving the function of providing its controlling organization, in this case Hezbollah, with some distance and plausible deniability from acts that might provoke retaliation or other problems. In February 2012, the Hamas government in the Gaza Strip distanced itself from PIJ. "The organization also emphasizes on the formation of 'Shariat' based Islamic rule through 'Islami Inqalab' (revolution). Jabari was targeted and killed in an Israeli airstrike on August 5, 2022. [14] In the same way, Hezbollah had used the name "Islamic Resistance" (al-Muqawama al-Islamiyya) in its attacks against Israel. The world should be outraged at this terrorist group targeting innocent . December 5, 2022, Book Designated as a U.S. State Department terrorist organization . June 2002: Eighteen people are killed and fifty injured in an attack at the, November 2002: 12 soldiers and security personnel killed in an, May 2003: Three people killed and eighty-three injured in a suicide bombing at a. August 2003: A bomber killed 21 people and injured more than 100 people on a bus in Jerusalem. On 15 November 2012, Islamic Jihad fired two Fajr-5s at Tel Aviv from Gaza, one landing in an uninhabited area of the suburbs and the other in the sea. He eventually denounced the organization because of its increasing moderation and left with PIJs longtime spiritual leader, Abd al-Aziz Awda. [31] Over a hundred Palestinians were killed or injured in the ensuing violence, but Israel did not attack any Hamas targets at the time. Jihad includes three ideas: the individual Muslim's inner striving to live up to the Law, social action in view of fulfilling Islamic ideals, and military action to protect and extend the Islamic community. In the counter affidavit, the government has said the SIMI aims to mobilise students and youth for the propagation of Islam and obtain support for 'Jihad' (religious war). [26], On 20 February 2003, University of South Florida computer engineering professor Sami Al-Arian was arrested after being indicted on a terrorism-related charge. "Modernizing Sanctions to Combat Terrorism."This E.O. Like Hamas, PIJ seeks Israels destruction. [33], Under the former leadership of Ramadan Shalah, the group would receive approximately US$70 million per year from the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps of Iran.[34]. [citation needed] However, senior Iranian officials denied the alleged connections. [24] By 1995 PIJ was, according to Fisk, "perhaps the fiercest of all Israel's modern-day enemies. Some reports indicate that they merged with Hezbollah afterwards, with their leader Imad Mughniyah appointed as head of that party's overseas security apparatus. December 13, 2022 January 31, 2022, A Guide to Global COVID-19 Vaccine Efforts, Backgrounder In separate statements, the Palestinian Islamic Jihad and the Prime Minister of Israel announced that a ceasefire would come into effect at 11:30 p.m. local time on 7 August. I have no problem living with the Jewish people We have lived together in peace for centuries. Martin S. Indyk, the Lowy distinguished fellow in U.S.-Middle East diplomacy at the Council, sits down with James M. Lindsay to discuss the consequences of Benjamin Netanyahus return as Israels prime minister. Egyptian Islamic Jihad (EIJ) allied with the al-Qaeda network in the late 1990s, and the two groups merged in 2001. Multiple countries have special police that enforce Islamic moral codes. The Taliban returned to power in Afghanistan in 2021, twenty years after their ouster by U.S. troops. The Palestinian Islamic Jihad (PIJ) was formed in 1982, rising through the network of the Muslim Brotherhood and developing into a distinct organization influenced more by Iran's Islamic Revolution. It emerged during the first intifada uprising against the Israeli occupation.Its original charter advocated destroying Israel and establishing an . [Photo : iStock] The Centre on Tuesday defended its decision to ban Students Islamic Movement of India (SIMI) while alleging that it . Dr. Nguyen is assistant professor of education at New York Universitys Steinhardt School of Culture, Education, and Human Development. On 29 March 2004, 15-year-old Tamer Khuweir of Rifidia, a suburb of Palestinian city Nablus in the West Bank, was captured by Israeli forces as he planned to carry out a suicide mission. The Islamic Jihad Group (IJU) is a terrorist organization that has been active in Central Asia. The State Department intends to designate as a Foreign Terrorist Organization (FTO) the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) in its entirety, including the Qods Force. Palestinian Islamic Jihad (PIJ) is a radical Islamic extremist organization inspired by the Iranian revolution of 1979. Some reports indicate that they merged with Hezbollah afterwards, with their leader Imad Mughniyeh appointed head of that party's overseas security apparatus. On Aug. 1, a short video circulated on social media showing Bassam al-Saadi, a 62-year-old Palestinian Islamic Jihad (PIJ) leader from the Jenin refugee camp in the West Bank, being dragged along the ground by Israeli soldiers, with traces of blood on the floor and a police dog biting him. Zawahiri became Osama bin Ladens deputy and was affiliated with the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon on September 11, 2001. First, the "Jenin Battalion" was established in the city of Jenin . On 25 May 2002, Islamic Jihad's AlQuds Brigade fired three of these rockets from Gaza toward the Israeli town of Sderot, and the attack was broadcast on Hizbullah's alManar television station. On Friday, the IDF launched Operation Breaking Dawn to preempt attacks by Palestinian Islamic Jihad (PIJ), a U.S.-designated Foreign Terrorist Organization since 1997. PIJ began its armed operations against Israel in 1984. The Islamic Jihad Organization - IJO or Organisation du Jihad Islamique in French, but best known as "Islamic Jihad" for short, was a Shia[3] militia known for its activities in the 1980s during the Lebanese Civil War. December 1, 2022 Following is a statement from the International . [7] Journalist Robin Wright has described it as "more of an information network for a variety of cells of movements", rather than a centralized organization. [11], By the mid-1980s Hizbollah leaders are reported to have admitted their involvement in the attacks and the nominal nature of "Islamic Jihad" - that it was merely a `telephone organisation,`[12][13] and[14] His older brother claimed he was brainwashed and demanded the Palestinian Authority investigate the incident and arrest those responsible for it. FASKIANOS: Thank you. The FPA has long campaigned for the continued availability of armored vehicles for its members, despite official opposition in some quarters. There is no possibility today of a two-state solution. Others have been designated by the Treasury Department, including Kassem Hejeij, a businessman with direct ties to Hezbollah; Husayn Ali Faour, a member of the Islamic Jihad Organization; and Abd Al Nur Shalan, a key Hezbollah weapons procurer who has close ties with the group's leadership. In 1989 Shaqaqi moved the official headquarters to Damascus, where it remains, although a small contingent of leaders are still present in Lebanon, according to the State Department. Noun 1. We are the indigenous people of the land. [23] PIJ was and continues to be considered by Israel the most extreme organization in its operational methods and commitment to the destruction of Israel. Latest developments. Based in Egypt, Shaqaqi and Awda were originally members of the Muslim Brotherhood. 22 July 1985. The last recorded attack claimed by the IJO as an independent group took place outside the Middle East in March 1992, when the Israeli Embassy in Buenos Aires, Argentina, was blown up in retaliation for Israel's assassination of Hezbollah's secretary-general Abbas al-Musawi in February that year. If Khaled Meshaal and Ramadan Shalah can come whenever they want, and visit Haifa, and buy a home in Herzliyah if they want, then we can have a new language, and dialogue is possible. The Palestinian Islamic Jihad (PIJ) is an Islamic, Palestinian nationalist organization that violently opposes the existence of Israel. Attempted assassination of Kuwaiti ruler (Emir) Sheikh, 10 February 1986. PIJs founder, Fathi Shikaki, published a book expressing support for Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomenei, the founding father and first supreme leader of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Jalolov and Buranov also participated in military operations in Afghanistan and Pakistan in support of the Taliban. In accordance with paragraph 13 of resolution 1822 (2008) and subsequent related resolutions, the ISIL (Da'esh) and Al-Qaida Sanctions Committee makes accessible a narrative summary of reasons for the listing for individuals, groups, undertakings and entities included in the ISIL (Da'esh) andAl-Qaida Sanctions List. Although PIJ is Sunni, it took inspiration from the 1979 Iranian Revolution, and views it as a model for the creation of a Palestinian state. But unlike Hamas, PIJ does not participate in the Palestinian political process or provide social services to Palestinians in Gaza. Farraj was originally a member of the Muslim Brotherhood, but split from the organization to form the EIJ following the Muslim Brotherhood's renunciation of . May 25, 2022, Iran Isnt the Only Country With Morality Police, In Brief Related individuals and entities on the 1988 Sanctions List: Mohammed Omar Ghulam Nabi (TAi.004), listed on 31 January 2001. On the same day, IJU issued a statement, claiming responsibility for these attacks. That year also saw a series of publications by Sayyid Imam al-Sharif renouncing terrorism as un-Islamic. 68 French troops were killed. 24 May 1982. On 11 April 2004, IJU issued a statement, claiming responsibility for all terrorist operations in Uzbekistan. A crackdown followed that saw most of the organizations leaders imprisoned. There are those in each community . [60], Palestinian Islamist militant organization, Qur'an Soorah al-Ankaboot 29:69 (Arabic text), Taylor & Francis, Ltd., "The Damascus-Based Alliance of Palestinian Forces: A Primer", Eldar, Shlomi. 6 min read. Iran has been pouring money into the Islamic Jihad organization, which began to establish new armed groups under the name of "Battalions," which also include terrorists from other organizations such as Fatah, Hamas and the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine. During that period, fractures within EIJ worsened, and the groups Upper Egyptian wing broke away to form an independent organization, al-Jamah al-Islmiyyah (the Islamic Group), under the leadership of Omar Abdel Rahman. "[11] Wright is more circumspect, saying: "Islamic Jihad was clearly pro-Iranian in ideology, but some doubts existed among both Muslim moderates and Western diplomats about whether it was actually directed by Iran rather than home-grown."[8]. Ties between EIJ and al-Qaeda continued to deepen. More recently authors such as researcher Robert A. Pape[26] and journalist Lawrence Wright[27] have made no mention of Islamic Jihad and simply name Hezbollah as the author of Lebanese terror attacks claimed or attributed to Islamic Jihad. [4] Based at Baalbek in the Beqaa valley, the group aligned 200 Lebanese Shi'ite militants financed by Iran and trained by the Iranian Revolutionary Guards' contingent previously sent by Ayatollah Khomeini to fight the June 1982 Israeli invasion of Lebanon. Palestinian newspaper al-Quds reported that Iran is now supporting an offshoot of PIJ called as-Sabirin (Arabic for "the patient ones"), headed by Islamic Jihad veteran Hisham Salem. Joshua Kurlantzick analyzes China's attempts to become a media, information, and influence superpower, seeking for the first time to shape the domestic politics, local media, and information environments of the United States, East Asia, parts of Europe, and the broader world. Hamas refrained from joining PIJ and PRC in attacking Israel. EIJ and al-Qaeda announced a formal alliance in 1998, and the two groups merged fully in 2001. Islam Jihad is one of several groups taking responsibility. PIJ members see violence as the only way to remove Israel from the Middle East map and reject any two-state arrangement in which Israel and Palestine coexist. The activity in the West Bank is another step in the tightening of Iran's stranglehold around Israel. Car bomb attack on French Embassy in Beirut killing 12 and wounding 27. The Egyptian Islamic Jihad (EIJ), often known as al-Jihad or the Jihad group, was a Jihadi, Salafi militant organization founded in Egypt in 1979 by Muhammad 'Abd al-Salam Farraj. For other groups called "Islamic Jihad", see, Hezbollah: Born with a vengeance by Hala Jaber, p.113, Marius Deeb, Militant Islamic Movements in Lebanon: Origins, Social Basis, and Ideology, Occasional Paper Series (Washington, DC, Georgetown University, 1986) p.19, Walker, Jane. Its operations have included suicide bombings, attacks on Israeli civilians, as well as the firing of rockets into Israel. Since the fighting began, Palestinian militants have launched some 600 rockets at Israeli targets, including Tel Aviv and Jerusalem, while hundreds of thousands of Israelis have taken refuge in bomb shelters. The Presidents Inbox. Veterans of EIJ came to constitute a large portion of al-Qaedas senior leadership, while EIJ relied on al-Qaeda for the planning and execution of its armed operations against the Egyptian government. Most Muslims agree that the concept is best understood and practiced as an inner spiritual struggle towards faith and good deeds, but anti-Muslim groups and militants have co-opted the word and equate it to violence, "holy war" and terrorism . The Islamic Jihad Group, active in Central Asia, broke away from the Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan (IMU), a Specially Designated Global Terrorist organization that is listed by the UN 1267 Sanctions Committee. The PIJ emerged as a separate entity committed to the militant destruction of Israel and the reestablishment of a sovereign Palestinian state. [49][38][50], This organization is no longer active. Over the past year, the Islamic Jihad organization, under Iran's guidance, has been working to establish an independent territory that will not be subject to the power of the PA. According to one IJU operative arrested in connection with the March-April 2004 attacks in Bukhara, IJU leader Jalolov considered his Leader to be Mullah Omar, listed as Mohammed Omar Ghulam Nabi (TAi.004) on the 1988 Sanctions List); Jalolov also had direct ties with Usama bin Laden (deceased). After splitting from the Muslim Brotherhood in the late 1970s, Shaqaqi and Awda operated the PIJ from Egypt until 1981, when the Egyptian government exiled the group to Gaza following the assassination of President Anwar Sadat. PIJ's representative in Lebanon, Abu Imad Al-Rifai noted, "Our position is to continue. In the 1990s and again during the Second Intifada from 2000 to 2005, PIJ targeted Israeli civilians with suicide bombings, including the Netanya mall bombing in December 2005, which killed five Israelis and wounded fifty. More recently authors such as researcher Robert A. Pape[22] and journalist Lawrence Wright[23] have made no mention of Islamic Jihad and simply name Hezbollah as the author of Lebanese terror attacks claimed or attributed to Islamic Jihad. Archived from the original on 2015-02-15. Their deadliest attacks were in 1983, when they carried out bombing of the barracks of French and U.S. MNF peacekeeping troops, and of the United States embassy in Beirut. Khamenei and the IRGC are fanatically devoted to weaponizing Palestinian terror groups to destroy Israel while brutalizing Iranians at home.. Designated as a U.S. State Department terrorist organization in 1997, the PIJ targets Israeli civilian and military personnel in its commitment to the creation of an Islamic regime in all of historic Palestine, according to the State Departments 2006 Country Report on terrorism. Iran is working against Israel on all fronts. It was inspired by al Qaida but later publicly expelled from it. Emarat Kavkaz (QDe.131) listed on 29 July 2011 "Ali Kourani was recruited, trained, and deployed by Hezbollah's Islamic Jihad Organization to plan and execute acts of terrorism around New York City," said Geoffrey Berman, U.S. attorney for . [4] Not all of IJ's claims of responsibility were credible, as "in some cases, the callers seemed to be exploiting the activities of groups that had no apparent ties to Islamic Jihad," while working with some success to create "an aura of a single omnipotent force in the region."[5]. "[19][20][21][22][23], Former CIA operative and author Robert Baer describes it as the cover name used by the Iranian Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (Pasdaran). Most important, the children understand that the conflict with the Jews is not over land, but rather over religion. Their deadliest attacks were in 1983, when they carried out the bombing of the barracks of French and U.S. MNF peacekeeping troops, and that of the United States embassy in Beirut. Islamic Jihad released a photograph that claimed to show the (dead) body of French citizen. [20] According to Baer it is "a very distinct organization, which was separate from Hezbollah because you had the [Hezbollah] consultative council which only had a vague idea of what the hostage-takers were doing."[21]. Lebanese journalist Hala Jaber compared it to "a phony company which rents office space for a month and then vanishes," existing "only when it was committing an atrocity against its targets "[7], Adam Shatz of The Nation magazine has described Islamic Jihad as "a precursor to Hezbollah, which did not yet officially exist" at the time of the bombings Islamic Jihad took credit for. [36], The Palestinian Islamic Jihad has claimed responsibility for many militant activities over the years. Egyptian Islamic Jihad (EIJ), also called al-Jihad, Egyptian extremist organization that originated in the late 1970s and developed into a powerful force in the 1980s and 1990s. Alternate titles: Islamic Jihad, al-Jihad. Heres how Irans morality police compare to other forces with the same goals. The PIJ, unlike other Palestinian separatist groups, refuses to negotiate or engage in the diplomatic process. Islamic Jihad - a Shiite terrorist organization with strong ties to Iran; seeks to create an Iranian fundamentalist Islamic state in Lebanon; car. It was in Peshawar, Pakistan, that EIJs leaders Sayyid Imam al-Sharif and Ayman al-Zawahiri became acquainted with the Saudi financier and organizer Osama bin Laden, who founded the al-Qaeda network in the late 1980s. Islamic Jihad has also deployed its own rocket, similar to the Qassam rocket used by Hamas, called the al-Quds rocket. Such an incident will reduce the protection offered by marked vehicles.[47]. The Union ministry of home affairs on Wednesday defended in the Supreme Court the continuing ban on the Students Islamic Movement of India (SIMI), alleging that the organisation was seeking to establish an Islamic Caliphate in India, carry out a jihad campaign and indulging in anti-national activities through donations and funds received from various sources including Gulf countries. For instance, Mehdi Karroubi claimed that Iran had not been related to the group, stating "Because like you, we learn about their existence or nonexistence through the mass media and our information about them is as much as yours. On July 30, 2004, the Islamic Jihad Group conducted coordinated bombing attacks in Tashkent against the U.S. and Israeli Embassies, and . The Islamic Jihad Organization ("IJO"), which is also known as the External Security Organization and "910," is a component of Hizballah responsible for the planning and coordination of intelligence, counterintelligence, and terrorist activities on behalf of Hizballah outside of Lebanon. Islamic Jihad also operates dozens of summer camps for children. Egyptian Islamic Jihad (EIJ), also called al-Jihad, Egyptian extremist organization that originated in the late 1970s and developed into a powerful force in the 1980s and 1990s. I will never, under any conditions, accept the existence of the state of Israel. (5 February 2019). Welcome to CFRs Higher Education Webinar. Baer claims the order for 1983 US embassy bombing is widely believed to have originated high up in the Iranian Islamic Republic's hierarchy. Since the early 1990s, Iran has provided PIJ with income and military support, including small arms, rockets (such as the Fajr 5 and Fajr 3), and explosive-laden unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). by Joshua Kurlantzick Ahronheim, Anna and JP Staff. The Palestinian Islamic Jihad wants to reestablish a sovereign, Islamic Palestinian state with the geographic borders of the pre-1948 mandate Palestine. [3] The organization's financial backing has historically come mainly from Syria and Hezbollah. Ramadan Shalah was interviewed by a delegation from the World Federation of Scientists in Damascus, Syria, on 15 December 2009. [29], Following further terrorist attacks on civilians in Israel, Shalah and Awda were indicted under United States law and added in 2006 to the United States FBI Most Wanted Terrorists list.[30]. Car bomb attack on French Embassy in Beirut killing 12 and wounding 27. Egyptian al-Jihad, New Jihad, Egyptian Islamic Jihad, Jihad Group Description: Egyptian Islamic extremist group active since the late 1970s. However, senior Iranian officials denied the alleged connections. Al-Arian has denied (CNN) having links to terrorism. Currently, the Palestinian Islamic Jihad is a small, highly secretive organization that operates underground with less than 1,000 members and limited popular support. The Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC; Persian: Seph-e Psdrn-e Enqelb-e Eslm, lit. There have been no direct attacks on U.S. properties or citizenssome have died in attacksalthough the PIJ threatened to attack the U.S. embassy if it was relocated to Jerusalem from Tel Aviv. by Lindsay Maizland Global Climate Agreements: Successes and Failures, Backgrounder . Israel killed Shikaki in 1995. One of the suspects had been receiving instructions from the Pakistan-based Islamic terrorist group Lashkar-e-Taiba (LeT). They demanded the departure of all . "27 Injured in 3 Terrorist Explosions in Copenhagen". Monir Ghaedi. For other groups called "Islamic Jihad", see. Islamic Jihad Organization Head Imad FayezMughniyah: In 2001, for committing, or posing a significant risk of committing, acts of terrorism that threaten U.S. interests or national security. Sharifs writings drew a lengthy rebuttal from Zawahiri. But I am not allowed to visit them. 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